Cash-Based Transfers (CBT) & Food Distribution Kandahar City

1. Introduction

The Humanitarian Organization for the People of Afghanistan (HOPA), in partnership with the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP), successfully implemented the 5th cycle of Cash-Based Transfer (CBT) distribution in Kandahar City from 15 to 27 April 2025. This distribution aimed to provide financial assistance to vulnerable households, allowing them to purchase food and essential items based on their individual needs.
The distribution was conducted at two sites across Kandahar City, covering all 15 districts. The primary distribution center was established at Spozmai Saloon in PD-2, with additional distribution points set up PD-4 to ensure maximum accessibility and efficiency.
A total of 8,476 out of 8,488 households received direct cash assistance through this program, with a total disbursement of 24,580,400 Afghanis (AFN), equivalent to 354,087.50 (approx.) USD. The distribution was carried out in a fair, transparent, and organized manner, ensuring that all eligible beneficiaries, including female-headed households and persons with disabilities, received their entitlements without difficulty.
One of the key improvements in this cycle was the full segregation of male and female distribution processes, which significantly enhanced efficiency, security, and beneficiary satisfaction. Separate distribution sites and staff were assigned for male and female beneficiaries, leading to reduced waiting times, improved accessibility, and a more dignified process for all participants. This step was highly appreciated by beneficiaries, as it ensured a smooth and respectful distribution experience.
Monitoring and supervision were carried out continuously, with Third-Party Monitoring (TPM) teams from WFP present on-site. Their presence ensured proper accountability and feedback collection throughout the cycle.

2. Distribution Overview

The total planned number of households for this cycle was 8,488, out of which 8,476 successfully received their cash assistance.
 Planned Households: 8,488
 Actual Households Served: 8,476
 Absentees: 12
o Female-Headed HHs: 5
o Male-Headed HHs: 7

3. Nutritional Support – LNS and WSB Distribution

In addition to the cash distribution, nutritional support was also provided, benefiting a significant number of children and pregnant and breastfeeding women (PBW). A breakdown of the nutritional support is provided below:

The inclusion of nutritional support in the distribution process ensured that the most vulnerable populations received essential food assistance in addition to cash-based transfers. This holistic approach addressed both immediate financial needs and long-term nutrition concerns, improving the overall impact of the humanitarian aid.

4. Protection and Risk Mitigation Measures

4.1 Gender and Disability Inclusion
 Separate queues and distribution points were established for men and women.
 Female staff managed women’s sections, enhancing comfort and privacy.
 Priority support was given to persons with disabilities and the elderly.
4.2 Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (PSEA)
 All staff were oriented on PSEA policies.
 No cases of SEA were reported.
4.3 Accountability to Affected Populations (AAP)
 Feedback desks were active at all sites.
 Beneficiaries were informed of their entitlements and complaint mechanisms.
 Feedback was gathered and responded to promptly.
4.4 Data Protection and Biometric Security
 All distributions used SCOPE biometric systems.
 Cases of lost cards (including 2 confirmed) were reported to WFP and replaced before completion.
 Voucher security was ensured through serial tracking.

5. Observations and Challenges

5.1 Key Observations
 Distribution was generally smooth and timely.
 High beneficiary satisfaction was reported due to segregation and queue management.
 On-site supervision by WFP TPM teams contributed to enhanced transparency.
5.2 Challenges Faced
1. Technical Issues:
 SCOPE and MPOs devices experienced brief malfunctions.
 Delays were resolved on-site without major disruption.
2. Card and Voucher Issues:
 A few beneficiaries lacked light card vouchers; WFP issued replacements during the cycle.
 Lost SCOPE cards were replaced after reporting.
3. Absenteeism:
 12 households (5 female-headed, 7 male-headed) were absent.

6. Gender-Segregated Distribution Approach

During the March 2025 cycle of the Cash-Based Transfer (CBT) distribution in Kandahar City, HOPA implemented a fully segregated distribution process, ensuring a culturally sensitive, efficient, and transparent system. The decision to segregate male and female beneficiaries for the entire distribution cycle, from registration to voucher issuance, was driven by the goal of enhancing accessibility and security for women while maintaining smooth operations. By assigning separate sites and staff for male and female distributions, HOPA respected the community's cultural norms and created a more inclusive and respectful environment for beneficiaries.
Key Features of the Segregated Distribution Process:
 Separate Distribution Sites and Staff:
 Female-headed households (HH) were assigned to a designated area with separate staff.
 Male-headed households (HH) were directed to separate distribution areas, where staff handled their needs, maintaining cultural propriety and ensuring privacy.
 Benefits for Female Beneficiaries:
 The segregated system significantly improved the participation of women, particularly female-headed households. It ensured that they felt secure and respected during the process, encouraging them to engage fully in the distribution.
 Many female beneficiaries appreciated the clear separation, as it removed the discomfort associated with mixed-gender interactions in a traditionally conservative environment.
 Community Feedback:
 Both male and female beneficiaries expressed their satisfaction with the segregated model. Female-headed households, in particular, felt more empowered to collect the assistance without the risk of judgment or harassment.
 Community leaders and elders also praised HOPA's approach, recognizing it as a culturally appropriate measure that respected local customs while addressing the needs of the community.
The impact of the segregated process extended beyond comfort and security; it also contributed to significant operational improvements. The division between male and female lines minimized waiting times and overcrowding, making the entire distribution process faster and more organized. Beneficiaries moved through the lines more efficiently, and with fewer disruptions, the distribution cycle proceeded smoothly.

Efficiency and Time Management:
 Reduction in Waiting Times:
 By creating separate lines for male and female beneficiaries, HOPA improved the flow of the distribution process, ensuring that beneficiaries spent less time waiting for their vouchers or cash.
 The gender-segregated approach reduced bottlenecks and allowed for better management of the crowd, particularly during peak distribution times.
 Better Queue Management:
 Each distribution site had a designated staff member responsible for managing the queue, ensuring that beneficiaries received assistance promptly and that there were no delays due to confusion or mismanagement.
 Reduced Time Consumption:
 The entire process was completed more quickly compared to previous distributions. This was due to clearer divisions, faster management of individual groups, and a more organized flow of participants.
Transparency and Accountability:
 Improved Monitoring and Reporting:
 The segregated process allowed for more transparent monitoring of the distribution. With clear distinctions between the two groups, there was less chance of overlap or misreporting, ensuring that each beneficiary received the correct amount of assistance.
 Monitoring teams, which were also gender-balanced, contributed to maintaining high standards of accountability and reduced the risk of fraud or favoritism.
 Feedback Mechanisms:
 A robust feedback system was in place, allowing beneficiaries to voice concerns and suggestions. This helped identify and address any issues promptly, ensuring continuous improvement for future distributions.

7. Financial Summary

 No discrepancies or financial irregularities reported.
 Reconciliation and reporting were completed in coordination with WFP field teams.

8. Recommendations

1. Device Upgrade and Maintenance:
o Replace or service outdated SCOPE/MPOs devices to reduce on-site delays.
2. Advance Communication:
o Reinforce pre-distribution messaging to ensure all beneficiaries are informed and prepared.
3. Training Refresher:
o Conduct periodic training for distribution staff on AAP, PSEA, data handling, and disability inclusion.
4. Absentee Follow-Up System:
o Implement tracking and re-engagement mechanisms for absent households.
5. Continue Gender-Segregated Distribution:
o Maintain this model for its effectiveness in improving access, dignity, and security for women.

10. Conclusion

The April 2025 cycle of CBT and BSFP distribution in Kandahar City was implemented successfully by HOPA, reaching 8,476 households with both cash assistance and nutritional support. Despite minor technical and card-related issues, all challenges were addressed promptly and did not affect the overall success of the activity.
The segregated distribution model implemented by HOPA during the cycle in Kandahar City was highly effective in improving both the experience and the operational efficiency of the distribution process. The approach not only enhanced security and accessibility for female beneficiaries but also optimized the flow of beneficiaries, reducing waiting times and making the process smoother and more transparent. With positive feedback from the community and improved operational outcomes, this model set a new standard for culturally sensitive and efficient humanitarian aid delivery. Moving forward, HOPA plans to continue using this model, adapting it based on lessons learned and community feedback, to ensure that future distributions are even more effective.
HOPA remains committed to delivering humanitarian assistance with dignity, transparency, and efficiency, ensuring that vulnerable populations receive the support they need in an inclusive and effective manner.